Six flags over Texas
Six Flags Over Texas is the slogan used to describe the six nations that have had sovereignty over some or all of the current territory of the U.S. state of Texas. This slogan has been incorporated into shopping malls, theme parks (Six Flags), and other enterprises. The "six flags" are also shown on the reverse of the Seal of Texas. In 1997 the Texas Historical Commission adopted standard designs for representing the six flags.[1]
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Spain
Main article: Flag of SpainThe first flag belonged to Spain, which ruled most of Texas from 1519 to 1685 and from 1690 to 1821. There were two versions of the Spanish flag used during this period. Both designs incorporate the "castle and lion" emblems of the Crown of Castile. The Spanish flag used in the reverse of the Texas state seal, which was also adopted by the Texas State Historical Commission, is the flag adopted by King Charles III, containing horizontal stripes of red-gold-red and the simple arms of Castile and Leon. This flag was used by Spain from 1793 to 1931, and from 1936 till today again with a different coat of arms.[2][3]
France
Main article: Flag of FranceThe second flag was the royal banner of France from 1685 to 1690. In 1684, French nobleman Rene Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle founded a colony on the Texas Gulf Coast called Fort Saint Louis. The colony was unsuccessful, and after La Salle's murder, was soon abandoned. During this time, there was no official French flag, so a number of different designs are used in displays of the "six flags".[2][3]
Mexico
Main article: Flag of MexicoThe third flag flown (1821 through 1836) was the flag of Mexico. Mexico obtained sovereignty from Spain in 1821. The Mexican flag displayed in the Austin Capitol is the one of the Mexican Republic of 1823 through 1864. This flag was in use in Texas until its independence from Mexico in 1836 (Texas's declaration of independence).[3]
Republic of Texas
Main article: Flag of TexasThe fourth flag belonged to the Republic of Texas from 1836 to 1845. The Republic had two national flags during its history, the first being the so-called "Burnet Flag". The "Lone Star Flag", the final national flag, is also the state flag.[3]
United States of America
Main article: Flag of the United StatesThe fifth and current flag is that of the United States of America, which Texas joined in 1845. Upon secession Texas abandoned this flag for its sixth, until readmission to the Union in 1865.[3]
Confederate States of America
Main article: Flags of the Confederate States of AmericaThe sixth flag belonged to the Confederate States of America from 1861 to 1865. During this time, the Confederacy had three national flags.[2][3]
See also
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Notes
- ^ June 20, 1997 issue of the Texas Register, volume 22, pages 5959-5967.
- ^ a b c Texas State Library - Six Flags of Texas
- ^ a b c d e f The Six National Flags of Texas
External links
- Flags of Texas from the Handbook of Texas Online
- Texas Almanac
- The Portal to Texas History
- Reverse of Texas State Seal
- Six Flags of Texas
- Texas State Preservation Board
- Texas Register (scroll down page to "Six Flags Over Texas" information on pages 5959-5967)
- The Republic of the Rio Grande Museum
- Mexico - Filibustering: Republic of the Rio Grande
- Origin of the Lone Star Flag of Texas
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Categories: Flags of Texas | Slogans
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