Coleman County, Texas

Coleman County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2000, its population was 9,235. It is named for Robert M. Coleman, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence and soldier at the Battle of San Jacinto. The seat of the county is Coleman^[1].

History Timeline

• 10000 b.c. • Indigenous peoples of the Americas are the first inhabitants. Later inhabitants are the Jumano, Lipan Apache and Comanche. ^[2]

• 1519-1685 Hernando Cortez and

Alonso Álvarez de Pineda claim Texas for Spain.

• 1632 Father Salas leads an expedition to the upper Colorado.

• 1650 Captains Hernán Martín and Diego del Castillo explore the western portion of the county to the Concho River and return with pearls.

• 1654 Diego de Guadalajara follows the same path as Martín and Castillo. ^[3]

• 1683•84 Juan Domínguez de Mendoza establishes a short-lived mission. ^[4]

• 1685-1690 France plants its flag on Texas soil, but departs after only five years. ^[5].

• 1821 Mexico claims its independence from Spain. Anglos from the north settle in Texas and claim Mexican citizenship.

• 1829, September 15 - Mexican President Vicente Ramon Guerrero, himself an ex-slave of Spanish, African and Native American descent, emancipates all slaves within the Republic of Mexico: ^{[6] [7]}

1st - Slavery is abolished in the republic.

2nd - Consequently, those who have been until now considered slaves are free.

3rd - When the circumstances of the treasury may permit, the owners of the slaves will be indemnified in the mode that the laws may provide. And in order that every part of this decree may be fully complied with, let it be printed, published, and circulated.

Given at the Federal Palace of Mexico, the 15th of September, 1829.

Vicente Guerrero To José María Bocanegra

• 1836

March 2 - Texas Declaration of Independence from Mexico establishes the Republic of Texas.

March 6 - The Alamo falls.

April 21-22 - Battle of San Jacinto, Antonio López de Santa Anna captured.

May 14 - Santa Anna signs the Treaties of Velasco.

• 1845, December 29 -Texas Annexation by the United States

• 1846, May 13 - The United States Congress officially declares war on Mexico.

• 1848, February 2 - Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo officially ends the Mexican-American War.

• 1855 The county’s oldest community of Trickham is founded as a cowboy trading post for the ranching activities of John Chisum. ^{[8] [9]}

• 1858 Coleman County is formed from Brown and Travis counties. The county is named for Robert M. Coleman, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence.

• 1861

February 1 - Texas secedes from the Union

March 2 - Texas joins the Confederate States of America.

Rich Coffey settles the communities of Leaday and Voss. ^{[10] [11]}

• 1863, January 1 • The Emancipation Proclamation. ^[12]

• 1865

April 9 • Robert E. Lee formally surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant at the Appomattox Court House.

April 15 • President Abraham Lincoln dies of a head wound inflicted by assassin John Wilkes Booth.

June 19 • Major General Gordon Granger arrives in Galveston to enforce the emancipation of all slaves. It is the first time African Americans in Texas know of the Emancipation. The date becomes celebrated annually in Texas as Juneteenth, and later as an official state holiday known as Emancipation Day. ^[13]

December 6 • The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits slavery.

• 1870, March 30 - The United States Congress readmits Texas into the Union.

• 1876 Site is chosen for Coleman.

• 1879 The community Santa Anna is established. It is named after the Santa Anna Mountains, which, in turn, are named after Comanche Chief Santana. ^[14]

• 1908 The first oil well comes in near Trickham. ^[15]

• 1917 Oil is discovered north of Coleman on the J. P. Morris ranch.

• 1923 Coleman County Medical Center opens.

• 1925 Tenant farmers are 63 percent of local agriculture.

• 1930 Coleman County population peaks at 23,669

• 1948 The oilfields produce over a million barrels a year.

• 2000 Wind Clean Corporation, harnessing energy from wind power, is founded. ^[16]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,281 square miles (3,319 km²), of which, 1,260 square miles (3,264 km²) of it is land and 21 square miles (55 km²) of it (1.66%) is water. For a detailed map of the area, click here.

Major highways

• U.S. Highway 67
• U.S. Highway 84
• U.S. Highway 283
• State Highway 153
• State Highway 206

Adjacent counties

• Callahan County (north)
• Brown County (east)
• McCulloch County (south)
• Concho County (southwest)
• Runnels County (west)
• Taylor County (northwest)

Demographics

As of the census^[17] of 2000, there were 9,235 people, 3,889 households, and 2,609 families residing in the county. The population density was 7 people per square mile (3/km²). There were 5,248 housing units at an average density of 4 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 88.53% White, 2.19% Black or African American, 0.62% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 6.53% from other races, and 1.91% from two or more races. 13.96% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,889 households out of which 27.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.80% were married couples living together, 9.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.90% were non-families. 30.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the county, the population was spread out with 23.60% under the age of 18, 6.60% from 18 to 24, 22.70% from 25 to 44, 24.00% from 45 to 64, and 23.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 92.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $25,658, and the median income for a family was $31,168. Males had a median income of $25,993 versus $17,378 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,911. About 15.50% of families and 19.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.40% of those under age 18 and 14.90% of those age 65 or over.

Cities and towns

• Coleman
• Novice
• Santa Anna
• Burkett (unincorporated)
• Goldsboro (unincorporated)
• Gouldbusk (unincorporated)
• Rockwood (unincorporated)
• Talpa (unincorporated)
• Valera (unincorporated)
• Voss (unincorporated)

Education

The following school districts serve Coleman County:

• Bangs ISD (mostly in Brown County)
• Coleman ISD
• Cross Plains ISD (mostly in Callahan County; small portions in Eastland, Brown counties)
• Novice ISD (small portion in Runnels County)
• Panther Creek Consolidated ISD (small portion in Runnels County)
• Santa Anna ISD

References

1. ^ . National Association of Counties. . Retrieved 2008-01-31.
2. ^ Handbook of Texas, Coleman County [1]
3. ^ Handbook of Texas, Diego de Guadalajara [2]
4. ^ Handbook of Texas Juan Domiquez de Mendoza [3]
5. ^ The Six National Flags of Texas [4]
6. ^ The Magnificent Life of Vicente Ramon Guerrero [5]
7. ^ TAMU Chieftans of Mexican Independence [6]
8. ^ Texas Historical Markers, Trickham [7]
9. ^ Texas Escapes, Trickham [8]
10. ^ Texas Escapes, Leday [9]
11. ^ Texas Escapes, Voss [10]
12. ^ Government documents, Emancipation Proclamation [11]
13. ^ Cinnamon Hearts Juneteenth [12]
14. ^ Texas Escapes, Santa Anna community [13]
15. ^ Freepages Rootweb, History of Trickham [14]
16. ^ Coleman Texas, Wind Clean [15]
17. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.

External links

• Coleman County government's website
• Coleman County in Handbook of Texas Online at the University of Texas
• Historic Coleman County materials, hosted by the Portal to Texas History.

Coordinates: 31°46′N 99°27′W / 31.77°N 99.45°W

Categories: Texas counties | Coleman County, Texas | 1858 establishments >